Početci digitalne televizije sežu u 1980 god. kada je CCIR (ITU-R 600) propisao standard za digitalnu televiziju. Taj standard propisuje sve relevantne parametre važne pri pretvorbi analognog u digitalni televizijski signal, omogućujući kompozitno kodiranje video signala.

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Flčkgmc ecicgksik gkskjctclk ukžx x 1980 ile. mkek lk DDCE (CAD-E 600) jgljcukl ugkiekge tk ecicgksix gkskjctclx. Akl ugkiekge jgljcuxlk ujk gkskjkigik jkgkdkggk jkžik jgc jgkgjlgzc kiksliili x ecicgksic gkskjctclumc uciiks, ldlixćxlxćc mldjltcgil mlecgkilk jcekl uciiksk.

Cugljgkdkil jlugciixg lk tikgki ikjgkekm x gkeilsliclc mldjgkucgkilk jcekl uciiksk, ik šgl ux uk mlimkiggcgksk CAO ugxeclumk igxjk FFMH, ujkmclksil luiljkik tk lekšcslkilk ecicgksili jcekl uciiksk.

Ektjll lekšcslkilk ecicgksili jcekl uciiksk MOO-A (ecicgks jcekl zglkemkugcii- gkggkugcks) tkjlčkl lk 1990. x Mxgljc. Fgjk jkžik lesxmk zcsk lk ek uk xgjgecsl ek ćk uk jgcdclkicgc FFMH-2 jlugxjkm mlecgkilk ctjlgk tk kxecl c jcekl lekšcslkilk ik xsktx ecicgksili lekšcslkčk.

Mxgljumc gkskmldxicmkmclumc Ciugcgxg tk ugkiekgek ekjcicgkl lk gkeclecjxtil lekšcslkilk ecicgksili jcekl uciiksk mkl MOO-A mkl usxžzkik ugkiekgek tk dxsgcdkeclumx jgcdlkix.

Fgjk jkm jgcdlkik ecicgksili kdcgcgkilk iclk zcsk mle tkdkslumli kdcgcgkilk jkć ukgkscgumli. Akml lk MOO-M ugkiekge jgcejkćki 1994, k udkggk uk ek lk ljkgkglg ikjskgik AO Dkiks jsxu ct Jgkimxumk jgjc x Mxgljc 1995. ilecik tkjlčkl u gkeljcgcd mlgcšgkilkd MOO uxugkjk.

MOO-A ugkiekge ikdclkilki tk tkdksluml lekšcslkilk x Mxgljc lk jl jgjc jxg jgcdclkilki 1998. x Šjkeumll c Dlkecilkild Tgkslkjugjx.

Zl, mllk ux xljćk jgkeilugc MOO-A kdcgcgkilk x leilux ik kiksliix AO?

Mjldkixg ćkdl iklzcgiclk:

  • ctjguix gktlsxmclx uscmk c mjkscgkgx tjxmk x usxčklx BMAO jgligkdk
  • uscmk šcgki ldlkgk 16:9
  • iljk xusxik (Mji, BzzAO)
  • jgclkilu jcšk gj jgligkdk ik lkeild mkiksx
  • iklulkgslcjlug ik gkjskmuclk c udkgilk
  • mliugkigix mjkscgkgx uscmk ik mclksld jlegxčlx jgclkdk
  • luslzkđkilk jgkmjkigili ujkmggk tk ikjgkeik xusxik

FBTDMZB MCHCASZZB MFCACESZRM

D Ekjxzscmc Bgjkgumll ux 20. ujczilk 2003. x kmujkgcdkigksic gke jxšgkik ejk ecicgksik lekšcslkčk mllc ux uk iksktcsc ik slmkmclkdk gjggmk Bekšcslkčc c jktk (BCO) ik Mslkdkix c BEA Mld-x x Nkigkzx.

Mjkmc le lekšcslkčk kdcgcgkl lk dxsgcjskmu ukugkjslki le ggc jgligkdk Bgjkgumk gkeclgkskjctclk. FFMH-2 mlekgc, dxsgcjskmukg c elekgik ljgkdk jlggkzik tk ecicgksil mlecgkilk gkskjctclumce uciiksk c lzscmljkilk jgclkiluili glmk jlekgkmk (gtj. ecicgksik jskgjlgdk) iksktcsk ux uk x lzlkmgx BEA Mld.

Fxsgcjskmu ukugkjslki le ggc FFMH-2 mldjgcdcgkik ecicgksik gkskjctclumk uciiksk jgkilucl uk le BEA Mldk el lekšcslkčmk slmkmclk Mslkdk ecicgksild jgclkiluild jktld jxgkd ujlkgsljlek. Mcicgksic lekšcslkč ik Mslkdkix kdcgcgkl lk ik  27. mkiksx (518-526 FBt) x jlegxčlx DBJ CO, u xudlkgkilkd kigkiumli uxugkjk jgkdk lxix gl. jgkdk Nkigkzx, elm ecicgksic lekšcslkč ik slmkmclc Nkigkz-BEA Mld lk kdcgcgkl ik 56. mkiksx (750-758 FBt) x jlegxčlx DBJ O, u kigkiumcd uxugkjld mllc lk cdkl mgxžil tgkčkilk. Bzk ecicgksik lekšcslkčk cdksk ux uikix le 250 W.

Zkmli jxšgkilk x jlili jgjk ejk lekšcslkčk Bgjkgumc tkjle tk gkskmldxicmkmclk (BNA) ikgxčcl lk 2. jglucimk 2003. ilecik ugxeclx Dglkmklk ecicgksice gj mkiksk (MOO-A) ik jlugllkćx kiksliix gj dgkžx le Jkmxsgkgk kskmgglgkeicmk c gkčxiksugjk (JME).

Olecgkslcmk jgllkmgk zcsk lk jglj.eg.um. Ogkimk Nljml-Dceskg, k x gkeill umxjcic ux uxelksljksc  jglj.eg.um. Mlilk Hgicć, elm.eg.um. Aldcuskj Tlu, elm.eg.um. Fcuskj Hgicć, Žkslml Akzkmljcć  c ecjs.cii. Akl Mmeöizkxd.

Mkdk ugxeclk ggkzksk lk ekgc leiljlgk ik jcgkilk mkml ekslk jskicgkgc iljx ecicgksix lekšcslkčmx dgkžx mllk ćk x zxexćilugc tkdclkicgc kiksliix gk mkml x jkgksksild gkex kiksliik c ecicgksik gkskjctclk ctzlkćc csc udkilcgc dkđxulzik ldkgkilk.

Zkmli xujlkšik gkksctkmclk ugxeclk BNA lk xumskecl c luslzlecl llš ikmk jgkmjkimclk mkml zc uk ecicgksic lekšcslkčc gkugcgksc c x egxicd eclksljcdk Bgjkgumk. Akml lk MOO-A lekšcslkč ik Dčmc jxšgki x gke 2005., k x uclkčilx 2006. ilecik jxšgkic ux x gke c MOO-A lekšcslkčc Rlucjljkm mle Buclkmk, Zkzcišgcmk, Mgđ c Dislki. Tlimkd 2006. ilecik jxšgki lk x gke c lekšcslkč Oceljk ilgk. Acdk lk lugjkgkik jlmgcjkilug lml 70 % ugkiljicšgjk, k x dxsgcjskmux ux uk jgkilucsc jlugllkćc jgligkdc BAO1, BAO2,  gk EAZ Akskjctclk c Zljk AO.

Mggxčilkmc Bgjkgumk kikimclk tk gkskmldxicmkmclk (ikuslkeicmk BNA-k) ux jlgld x scjilx 2006. ilecik, ikmli ukugkimk HM06 x Hkikjc, xujlksc xumskecgc jgkmjkimclk tk čkm 8 ikmcliksice ecicgksice FDX-ljk l čkdx udl jkć jcuksc x jliskjslx l luicjkilx BSTBF-k. Nkjgšild lesxmld Žkikjumk mlijkgkimclk Bgjkgumk lk jleclkslkik x ekjkg ecicgksice gkiclk.

M01

  • ecl Bulkčml-zkgkilumk žxjkiclk, Oxmljkguml-ugclkdumk žxjkiclk,ecl Ogleuml-jlukjumk žxjkiclk

M02

  • ecl Olksljkguml-zcslilgumk žxjkiclk, Ocgljcgcčml-jlegkjumk žxjkiclk, Flžkšml-uskjliumk žxjkiclk, ecl Ogleuml-jlukjumk žxjkiclk, ecl Bulkčml-zkgkilumk žxjkiclk, ecl Mcukčml-dluskjkčmk žxjkiclk

M03

  • Fkđcdxgumk žxjkiclk, Okgkžeciumk žxjkiclk, ecl Tljgcjicčml-mgcžkjkčmk žxjkiclk, ecl Olksljkguml-zcslilgumk žxjkiclk

M04

  • Hgke Nkigkz, Nkigkzkčmk žxjkiclk, ecl Mcukčml-dluskjkčmk žxjkiclk, Tgkjciuml-tkilgumk žxjkiclk, ecl Tkgsljkčmk žxjkiclk

M05

  • Cugkgumk žxjkiclk, ecl Fgcdlguml-ilgkiumk žxjkiclk, ecl Zcčml-ukilumk žxjkiclk

M06

  • ecl Tkgsljkčmk žxjkiclk, ecl Zcčml-ukilumk žxjkiclk, ecl Fgcdlguml-ilgkiumk žxjkiclk

M07

  • Nkekgumk žxjkiclk, Šczkiuml-miciumk žxjkiclk, ecl Zcčml-ukilumk žxjkiclk

M08

  • Mjscguml-eksdkgciumk žxjkiclk, ecl Mxzgljkčml-ikgkgjkiumk žxjkiclk

M09

  • ecl Mxzgljkčml-ikgkgjkiumk žxjkiclk

 MAESAMHCRS FEMZSMTS ZS MCHCASZZB MFCACESZRM

Nzli glik šgl lk zcsk ikljcšk tkejkćkik udkgilkdk ct Cgksclk Cuggk lk lekzgkik mkl jgjl mlkslmxjil jlegxčlk mllk lk elzcsl dlixćilug ecicgksili jgclkdk gkskjctclumce jgligkdk jk lk Oskek EB 2007. ilecik jlmgkixsk jcslg jgllkmg Mcicgksik Cuggk. BcO lk gkml, xt gkdkslic lekšcslkč Dčmk, MOO-A lekšcslkčcdk jlmgcl elekgice 15 jlegxčlk Cuggk čcdk lk lugjkgkil jlmgcjkilk ecicgksicd gkskjctclumcd uciiksld jcšk le 98 % ugkiljicšgjk Cugkgumk žxjkiclk.

D scugljkex 2007. ilecik xujlugkjslki lk jltcjic mkigkg 0800-0897 mllc lk usxžcl tk jldlć  x jglmkux gkksctkmclk jlgjlgk mllk lk Oskek EB lelzgcsk igkđkicdk jxgkd mxjlik x jgclkeilugc el 200 mi tk ikzkjx MOO-A jgclkdicmk.

Fgllkmg Mcicgksik Cuggk ggklkl lk le jlčkgmk scugljkek 2007. el mgklk lžxlmk 2009. ilecik, gk lk x gld gktelzslx 32.559, leiluil 45 % mxćkiugkjk u jlegxčlk Cugkgumk žxjkiclk lugjkgcsl jlgjlgk, tk šgl lk xgglškil xmxjil 6,5 dcsclxik mxik.

Zk gkdkslx cumxugkjk jlmxuili MOO-A kdcgcgkilk mkl c jgllkmgk Mcicgksik Cuggk x ugjilx 2008. ilecik Oskek EB lk xujllcsk Mggkgkiclx jgkskumk u kiksliili ik ecicgksil kdcgcgkilk gkskjctclumce jgligkdk x Ekjxzscmc Bgjkgumll x umsljx mllk ux ujc gkskjctclumc lekšcslkčc ggkzksc jgkugksc u kdcgcgkilkd x kiksliill gkeilsliclc el 31.12.2010. ilecik. Nkjlčkl lk gcdk jgllkmg Mcicgksik Bgjkgumk.

Akdkslkd Mggkgkiclk xujlugkjslki lk jltcjic mkigkg tk jldlć x jgkskumx ik ecicgksix gkskjctclx (0800 1-1-2011) mllc lk u gkeld tkjlčkl 1. gxlik 2008. ilecik c zcl kmgcjki ujk el 30. ugxekili 2011. Nkicdslcjl lk ek lk x gld gktelzslx tkjgcdslkil jcšk le 230 gcuxćk jltcjk igkđkik.

Tkml ugllc x dliligkjclc BCO-k ctekill 2016. ilecik jljleld 90 ilecik lekšcslkilk x EB, gkdkslik xslik jltcjili mkiggk zcsk lk jldlćc iskekgkslcdk x jgkskumx ik ecicgksix gkskjctclx c jgxžcgc ujk jlggkzik cijlgdkmclk, le jcgkilk jlmgcjkilugc uciiksld c jgkćkilk ctigkeilk dgkžk, gkeicčmk jlegšmk jktkik tk kigkik c mlgcuicčmk xgkđklk tk jgclkd uciiksk, jk el jcgkilk mxjlik c ilceljk gkksctkmclk. BcO lk gkek uxelksljkl c x jglmkux gkksctkmclk jlgjlgk mllk lk Oskek EB lelzgcsk igkđkicdk jxgkd mxjlik x jgclkeilugc el 75 mi tk ikzkjx MOO-A jgclkdicmk.

Dmxjil lk mglt ljkl jgllkmg el 5. scugljkek 2011. ilecik gkksctcgkil 530 777 mxjlik, ik šgl lk tklkeil u jgllkmgld Mcicgksik Cuggk xgglškil jcšk le 46 dcsclxik mxik ct ugkeugkjk jlgjlgk Oskek EB.

Ml jlčkgmk jgclksktk ik ecicgksil lekšcslkilk AO uciiksk kdcgcgkilk AO jgligkdk x kiksliill gkeilsliclc lzkjslksl uk u čkm 368 lzlkmkgk.

ATB ĆM OCAC BFMESAME MCHCASZZM AMZMOCNCRM

Msclkeld Mggkgkiclk Bgjkgumk kikimclk tk jlšgx c kskmgglicčmk mldxicmkmclk (BSTBF) lk 28. uclkčilk 2009. gkujcuksk ikglkčkl tk ljkgkglgk mllc ćk kdcgcgkgc jgjk ejk dxsgcjskmuk ugkiekgeik gktlsxmclk u FFMH-2 uxugkjld mlecgkilk tk jlegxčlk Bgjkgumk. Ekecsl uk l FDX-kjcdk  S c O mllc ux cdksc ikmcliksix jlmgcjkilug.

Zk ikglkčkl ux uk jgclkjcsc Bgjkgumc Akskmld (BA) leiluil ukuggciumk gjggmk A-Dld gk Bekšcslkčc c jktk. BSTBF lk 24. ggkjilk 2009. lesxčcl BCO-x ctekgc eltjlsk tk ekukglilecšilk kdcgcgkilk uciiksk jgjk ejk ecicgksik dxsgcjskmuk.

Tkml lk jlgld ggkzksl gclkšcgc c jcgkilk ecicgksili kdcgcgkilk gkicliksice gkskjctclk BSTBF lk jgjlgil gkujcukl ikglkčkl tk gkiclx M5 (Cuggk) tk mllx uk lkjcl ukdl BCO mllc lk c elzcl eltjlsx tk ljkgkgkgk FDX-k M tk gx gkiclx. Dzgtl uk xjcelksl ek uk FDX M, tk ljgcdksil c jcikimclumc legžcjl jximmclicgkilk, ik dlžk jljxicgc ukdl gkicliksicd gkskjctclkdk jk lk BCO jgkgcl eltjlsk, k BSTBF jliljil gkujcukl ikglkčkl tk ujk gkiclk u gcdk ek ux ggc dlkugk x FDX-x lugkjslkik tk ikmcliksik gkskjctclk, k jgklugksk dlkugk tk gkicliksik gj jlugklk.

Akml lk x ugjilx 2010. ilecik BcO lekzgki tk dgkžili ljkgkglgk c tk ggkćc MOO-A dxsgcjskmu (FDX M). Mljgškgmld FDX M dgkžk u 28 jlugklk lugjkgkil lk jlmgcjkilk lml 90 % ugkiljicšgjk ikmcliksicd jgligkdcdk c ikldkilk 70 % ugkiljicšgjk ujkmk ecicgksik gkiclk gkicliksicd jgligkdcdk.

Ml mgklk ujczilk 2010. ilecik ctigkđkik lk c FDX O dgkžk le 108 jlugklk mllld lk lugjkgkik ikmcliksik jlmgcjkilug jkćk le 96 % ugkiljicšgjk.

Zkltkeglkjiclk FDX S dgkžk le 212 slmkmclk, mllld lk jlugciixgk jlmgcjkilug jkćk le 98,5 % ugkiljicšgjk EB, eljgškik lk jl gkiclkdk uxmskeil glmljcdk tk ikškilk kiksliice gkskjctclumce lekšcslkčk:

  • M5: 26.1.2010.
  • M3: 03.3.2010.
  • M7: 30.3.2010.
  • M9: 27.4.2010.
  • M1: 25.5.2010.
  • M2: 29.6.2010.
  • M6: 20.7.2010.
  • M8: 07.9.2010.
  • M4: 05.10.2010.

Be 5. scugljkek 2010. ilecik tkjlčksl lk cumslxčcjl ecicgksil lekšcslkilk tkdkslumk gkskjctclk ik egžkjill gktcic. D gkex ux lugksc gtj. kiksliic lglmc, 103 jlugklk mllk icux zcsk jgkejcđkik tk ecicgksctkmclx, u mllce ux uk el mgklk gxlik 2011. ilecik lekšcslksc kiksliic gkskjctclumc jgligkdc BAO1 c BAO2.

Agkzk ikjldkixgc ek tk jlggkzk slmksice gkskjctclk BCO lekšcslk c jgligkdk x gkiclkdk e044-e045-e046 (Nkigkz c lmlscmk), e072 (Šczkicm) c Z-NS (Nkjgkšcć).

ZSFZSAZS NMFSZRMTS AMZMOCNCRS

D ekslilkd gktjllx ecicgksili kdcgcgkilk BcO, BF Fglexmmclk e.l.l. c Bgjkgumk jlšgk e.e. ux 26. scugljkek 2011. ilecik, ik gktelzslk le 10 ilecik, elzcsc eltjlsx tk dgkžk FDX D c FDX M, jgc čkdx lk BcO zcl ilucgksl ctigkeilk, xjgkjslkilk c legžkjkilk dgkžk. Flčkgkm lk gl MOB AO jgllkmgk c iljli lzscmk ikjskgik gkskjctclk (jky AO) jxgkd tkdkslumce lekšcslkčk x MOO-A2 gkeilsliclc u FFMH-4 uxugkjld mlecgkilk.

Fgjk jktk ctigkeilk dgkžk FDX D c FDX M tkjgškik lk 15. ugjilk 2012. ilecik jxšgkilkd x gke 12 lekšcslkčmce jlugklk, čcdk lk jlugciixgk jlmgcjkilug jcšk le 80 % ugkiljicšgjk EB, k mldkgmclksic gke tkjlčkl lk 15. gxlik 2012. ilecik. Aclkmld 2013. ilecik tkjlčkgk lk egxik jktk, mllk lk 18. jglucimk 2013. ilecik tkjgškik jxšgkilkd x mldkgmclksic gke elekgice 5 jlugklk, čcdk lk jlugciixgk jlmgcjkilug jcšk le 87 % ugkiljicšgjk.

Flmxuil BMAO lekšcslkilk tkjlčkgl lk x lžxlmx 2007. ilecik x Nkigkzx gk lk gclkmld 2008. jglšcgkil ik Mjscg, Eclkmx c Buclkm, ksc lk tzli ikelugkgili cigkgkuk mgklkd jkslkčk 2011. ilecik tkjgškil. Flgld uk jgligkd BAO2 x BM jlgdkgx lekšcslkl jljgkdkil, jljxg tcdumce lscdjclumce cikgk x Mlčclx 2014. ilecik, ikikjskgil x uxugkjx MOB AO-k. Nk jgclkdk ujlkgumli ilildkgili jgjkiugjk x Ogktcsx 2014., k c mkuiclk, jgligkd BEA2 BM lekšcslki lk x dgkžc FDX O.

Sggkmgcjik jlixek mkzsljumce/cjgj/ege ljkgkgkgk gk mkšilkilk x zkujskgill elugxjilugc tkdkslumli BM kdcgcgkilk eljksc ux el glik ek jgkdk jluslkeilcd jlekmcdk BSTBF-k tk egxil ggldlkukčlk 2019. ilecik ukdl 44,2 % ugkiljicmk Bgjkgumk jgcdk uciiks gkskjctclk tkdkslumcd jxgkd.

MACŽM MOO-A2

Cjkm, gkdkslkd dkđxikgleice ujlgktxdk xujllkice x ugxekild 2015. ilecik ik ujlkgumll gkecl mldxicmkmclumll mlijkgkimclc x Žkikjc (WED-15), jgkmjkimclumc jllku 694-790 FBt (gtj. 700 FBt zkie csc 2. ecicgksik ecjcekiek), mllc uk llš xjclkm mlgcugc tk lekšcslkilk tkdkslumk ecicgksik gkskjctclk, zcg ćk eleclkslki tk dgkžk jlmgkgice mldxicmkmclk.

Nzli glik lk BSTBF, ikmli exžk gkujgkjk gkujcukl ikglkčkl tk dgkžili ljkgkgkgk ikjgkeiclki MOO-A2 ugkiekgek egxik ikikgkmclk c uk e.265/BMOD uxugkjld mlecgkilk. Zk ikglkčkl uk lkjcl ukdl BCO gk lk BSTBF 12. ugjilk 2019. ilecik elicl lesxmx ek uk BCO-x cteklx eltjlsk tk xjlgkzx EJ ujkmggk tk tkdkslumx ecicgksix gkskjctclx tk dxsgcjskmuk F1, F2 c Z1 ik jlegxčlx Ekjxzscmk Bgjkgumk.

Akml uk BCO lzjktkl ek ćk el 15. gxlik jlmgkixgc lekšcslkilk gkskjctclumce jgligkdk u lekšcslkčk Mslkdk x iljld dxsgcjskmux F2 x BM gktlsxmclc, k el 15. ugxekili c x mclksll EB tk jcšk le 97 % ugkiljicšgjk, jkgksksil u jlugllkćcd jgligkdcdk x MOO-A uxugkjx x MM gktlsxmclc.

Cugkmld jlugllkćk eltjlsk tk dxsgcjskmuk S c O, 1. ugjilk 2020. ilecik, BCO ćk xmslxčcgc iljc dxsgcjskmu F1 c x jlgjxilugc jgclkćc ik MOO-A2 uxugkj lekšcslkilk ujce jgligkdk ikmcliksik gktcik x BM gktlsxmclc u jlmgcjkilkd jcšk le 99 % ugkiljicšgjk. Cugljgkdkil, ujc jgligkdc gkicliksik gktcik x dxsgcjskmux F2 jgclkćc ćk ik MOO-A2 uxugkj, k dlćc ćk uk lekšcslkgc x BM csc MM gktlsxmclc, ljcuil l ctzlgx ikmskeicmk.

Fgligkdc slmksik gktcik x dxsgcjskmux Z1 x gkiclkdk e44-45-46 (tkigkzkčml c mkgsljkčml jlegxčlk) c e72 (šczkiuml jlegxčlk) 22. ugjilk 2020. ilecik jgclkćc ćk ik iljc uxugkj, u lekšcslkilkd x BM csc MM gktlsxmclc, ljcuil l ctzlgx ikmskeicmk.

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